Have you ever wondered how the bleeding stops during surgeries and how the blood stops if you get injured? All this depends on the ability of the blood to clot in a normal way so that any bleeding stops after a short period, but what happens when there is an imbalance in the blood clotting? This is called a disease Haemophilia or hemophilia;In this article, learn about its symptoms, risks, and treatment methods.

What is hemodialysis?

It is a genetic disorder of blood disorders, in which the inability of the blood to clot in a normal way occurs, which causes severe bleeding during surgeries or after an injury, and this occurs due to a decrease in the level of proteins in the blood called clotting factors that help stop bleeding, sometimes This blood fluidity may occur in later stages and not from birth, as in the case of a pregnant woman in the last months of pregnancy or during childbirth, or with some elderly people.

Causes of blood thinners

This disease occurs due to a lack of levels of clotting factor proteins in the blood. Most fluid patients get it due to hereditary factors and genes that they inherit from their family members. However, there are about 30% of patients who do not have a family history of the disease, but they appear to have genetic mutations in advanced stages due to the disease. The immune system attacks any blood clots, and this is linked to several conditions, the most important of which are:

Symptoms of blood thinners

The appearance of symptoms depends on the severity of the liquidity as follows:

Light fluidity in the blood

Where the percentage of clotting factors ranges from 5% to 50%, and with this percentage, clear symptoms may not appear until after a wound, surgery, or after tooth extraction. Bleeding may continue for a longer period than normal.

Medium blood thinners

Where the percentage of clotting factors is between 1% and 5%, and the symptoms appear similar to light liquidity in the form of a long period of bleeding after wounds or during surgery, but other symptoms may appear such as:

• Bruises appear easily.
• The appearance of signs of internal bleeding around the joints in the event of a fall or impact on them, and the patient feels a slight pain and tingling, and it may develop into severe pain, swelling and heat in the joints.

Extreme fluidity in the blood

And the proportion of clotting factors in it is less than 1%, and the symptoms appear similar to medium fluidity, but also bleeding can occur without a reason and frequently, such as:

If fluidity is not treated, the patient may develop deformity in the joints that may require surgery to replace them, or more serious internal bleeding.

Risks of increased blood thinners

If fluidity is not detected and treated appropriately, several complications of blood thinners may occur, including:

• Acute internal bleedingIt is the continuation of internal bleeding in the deep part of the muscles, which causes swelling of the extremities and increased pressure on the nerves in them, which leads to pain and tingling.
• Infection: People with blood thinners may be more in need of blood transfusion, which makes them vulnerable to infection in the case of contaminated blood transfusion, but it is a rare condition at the present time due to the progress of medicine and its ability to examine blood and detect diseases with it.
• Joint damageIt occurs due to repeated injury and bleeding in the joints, which leads to inflammation and deformation of the joints completely.
• Brain hemorrhageMild head injuries may have major consequences for patients with hemophilia because this injury may cause internal bleeding in the brain. Therefore, immediate assistance must be sought in the event of a head injury and the appearance of symptoms of brain bleeding.
• Formation of antibodies to clotting factorsSometimes the immune system may have an adverse reaction to the clotting factors that are being treated, and it forms antibodies that resist the treatment and becomes ineffective.

Diagnosis of fluidity in the blood

Hemophilia is usually diagnosed at an early age in childhood, but in cases of mild fluidity, the infection may not be discovered until after puberty due to repeated injuries that cause bleeding, but fluidity tests are usually done for the child if one of the parents has the same disease.

It is also necessary to conduct Blood flow analysis for pregnant women If she thinks she is infected or if someone in her family is a carrier of the disease, or if she has another child with blood thinners.

Tests that the doctor may order include:

• Coagulation factor analysis: ratio normal blood flow The clotting factors must be higher than 50%, and if this percentage decreases, then the diagnosis of fluid infection is made.
• DNA analysis: Genetic mutations in the family are detected.

Blood thinners treatment

Unfortunately, there is no treatment that cures liquidity permanently, but there is a treatment that works to prevent symptoms of liquidity, reduce bleeding, and blood clots to form naturally. Treatment of acute liquidity requires receiving alternatives to natural clotting factors through intravenous injections, which are taken continuously and regularly to prevent bleeding and maintain the natural fluidity of the blood. Replacement clotting factors are either obtained from the blood of a donor from another person or manufactured in specialized laboratories.

There are some other helpful therapies which include:

• Desmopressin injection: which stimulates the body to produce natural clotting factors in cases of light liquidity.
• Medicines that keep normal clots from breaking.
• Apply first aid in case of wounds quickly and use ice packs to stop the bleeding.
• In the case of continuous blood transfusions, it may be necessary for the patient to receive vaccinations against various viruses, such as the hepatitis virus vaccine.

Cautions with blood fluidity

There are some caveats that a liquidity patient should know:

Finally, you should know that there is no way to prevent blood thinning, but there are ways to live with the disease and adhere to medications to prevent any complications from occurring, and if you have any questions, you can consult one of our doctors from here.